RESOLUTION
REGARDING
REPARATIONS FOR SLAVERY
Submitted by TRINITY UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST and UNIVERSITY CHURCH
THEOLOGICAL RATIONALE:
The Lord said to Moses:
If anyone sins and is unfaithful to the Lord... about something...stolen...or
he commits any such sin that people may do - when he thus sins, and becomes guilty, he must return
what he has stolen or taken by extortion. He must make restitution in
full,
add a fifth of the value to it and give it all to the owner... Leviticus
6:1-5 (NIV)
The Spirit of the Sovereign
Lord is on me, because the Lord has anointed me to...preach good
news to the poor...to proclaim the year of the Lord's favor and
the day of vengeance of our God...and provide for those who grieve
in Zion - to bestow on them...a garment of praise instead of a spirit
of despair. ...They will rebuild the ancient ruins and restore the
places long devastated; they will renew the ancient cities that
have been devastated for generations. Isaiah 61:1-4 (NIV)
"Zacchaeus, come
down immediately. I must stay at your house today. So he came down
at once and welcomed him gladly. All the people saw this and began
to mutter...he has gone to be at the house of a 'sinner'.
But Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, Look Lord! Here and now I give
half of my possessions to the poor, and if I have cheated anybody out
of anything, I will pay back four times the amount. Jesus said to him "Today
salvation has come to this house, because this man, too, is a son
of Abraham. For the Son of Man came to seek and to save what was lost." Luke
19:5-9 (NIV)
The Law, the voice of the Old Testament Prophets as well as teaching of
Jesus in the New Testament speak often, both emphatically and parabolically
about repentance, restitution, restoration, and
reconciliation. It is clear from the Law, as noted in Leviticus 6:4
that when something is stolen, obtained by deceit or through
intentional or unintentional misdeeds, restitution plus "interest" must
be made - in order to restore the wholeness of the community. Wholeness
of the community and a communal life that honors and
glorifies God was a central theme in the laws passed down by Moses.
Repentance, Restitution, Restoration and Reconciliation are Required.
The prophets
likewise quite eloquently urged and pleaded for God's people to reconcile
with God - through a return to a focus on what God
requires and a plea for God's people to heal the spirit of the
oppressed, and to do what is necessary to proclaim the day of the"
Lord's favor." As noted in Isaiah 61 (repeated again in Luke 4:18
as
Jesus stated earthly mission and ministry focus), Isaiah known by some
scholars as the greatest old testament prophet, summarizes God's
request for God's people, by calling for the rebuilding of (and
advocacy for), a united and healed community that glorifies God,
honors who God is and calls us to be. Isaiah describes this community
as one wherein the ancient ruins both figuratively and literally are
restored, and a place where prior devastation is reversed, and despair
is replaced by praise. Repentance, Restitution, Restoration and
Reconciliation are Required.
Likewise, Luke
the physician, and disciple of Jesus uses the story of Zacchaeus, a man
of Jewish heritage (a person by profession, denoted
as a "sinner" because of his oppression of and theft from the
poor), to demonstrate how Zacchaeus' exposure to Jesus, produced, an act
of
repentance and his "repayment" four fold to those he stole from.
Luke
used this account of an acknowledged sinner's encounter with Jesus, to
demonstrate that God is glorified and salvation accomplished through
repentance, restitution, restoration, and reconciliation.
And so it is with the
issue of Reparations for African Americans. Christians, especially those
of us in the family of the United Church
of Christ, and the Disciples of Christ must be cognizant of the
foundations set before us in the Old Testament Law, acknowledge that
the voice of the prophets still speak to us today, and hold tight to
the teaching of Christ. In summary we are called to embrace
repentance, restitution, restoration and reconciliation.
There can be no dispute
that Africans were forcefully and through deceit, stolen from Africa,
oppressed, abused physically, emotionally
and psychologically, and forced to work without pay - the highest and
most inhumane form of theft. The law as well as New Testament says if
something has been stolen - repayment four fold is required, i.e.,
reparations.
There can be no doubt
that one of the aftermaths of this horrible tragedy and smear on American
history and greatness, is racism both
institutional and personal, along with its pervasive counter part
white supremacy, which has produced a deep malaise of the human spirit
in a whole race of people. There can be no dispute that community is
broken - remaining unreconciled, and in need of restoration. There has
yet to be an official apology (repentance) for this great suffering
and tragedy. This great suffering as aptly noted and described by
Non-governmental Organizations and African Nations meeting as a part
of the African Regional Preparatory Conference for the UN World
Conference Against Racism, in January 2001 has resulted in,
substantial and lasting economic, political and cultural damage caused
to the descendants of the victims, the perpetuation of the prejudice
against Africans on the continent of people of the African descent in
the Diaspora, including and specifically the United States of America.
We need advocacy, as called for by the prophet Isaiah, by a people of
God for a new community.
Both reparations and
advocacy for a new community will demonstrate as it did for Zacchaeus
- that salvation has truly come. We need
repentance, restitution, restoration and reconciliation.
The following resolution
on Reparations for African Americans, supported by this theological rationale
and others, will assist the
members of the Illinois Conference United Church of Christ to indeed
embrace repentance, restitution, restoration and reconciliation as
called for in the Law, by the prophets and as demonstrated in the
teaching of Jesus.
BACKGROUND:
Members of the Christian
Church (Disciples of Christ) and the United Church of Christ began conversations
on the issue of reparations for
slavery following the Disciples Justice Action Network-sponsored
Justice Jubilee 2000 gathering in Tulsa, Oklahoma in September 2000.
It was noted that awareness and discussion of this issue occurs almost
exclusively among African American clergy and those churches they
serve, but is also a justice issue long overdue for the serious
attention of Christian citizens motivated by faith and tradition.
Members of two Illinois Conference congregations - Trinity UCC,
Chicago and University Church, Chicago - have held church school
classes and study groups on reparations.
SUMMARY:
This resolution calls
upon the Illinois Conference of the United Church of Christ, its Associations,
its local churches, and other
related agencies, to be educated about the historical evils of the
slave trade and its legacy which is a pernicious and self perpetuating
distrust and fear that continues to feed the sin of racism and its
fruits of inequality and injustice. It further calls upon the
Conference to take actions in support of reparations.
TEXT OF RESOLUTION:
WHEREAS: The
institution of Slavery is internationally recognized as crime for which
there is no statute of limitations, AND
WHEREAS: Uncompensated
labor was demanded from enslaved Africans and their descendants for more
than two centuries on U.S. soil; AND
WHEREAS: The principle
that reparations is the appropriate remedy whenever government unjustly
abrogates the rights of a domestic group
or foreign people whose rights such government is obligated to protect
or uphold has been internationally recognized including, but not
limited to:
- German reparations
to the State of Israel for the Holocaust
-United States reparations to Japanese Americans for illegal internment
-Reparations by the
United Kingdom to the Maori people of New Zealand, AND
WHEREAS: This violation
of human rights of Africans led a long legacy of subordination, segregation,
and discrimination against descendants
of slaves, AND
WHEREAS: In January
2000 a bill was presented in the U. S. House of Representatives: THE
COMMISSION TO STUDY REPARATIONS PROPOSAL FOR
AFRICAN AMERICANS' ACT (H.R. 40) by Rep. John Conyers (D-Mich.), "To
acknowledge the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality and
inhumanity of slavery in the United States and in 13 American colonies
between 1865 and to establish a commission to examine the institution
of slavery, subsequently de jure and de facto racial and economic
discrimination against African Americans, and the impact of those
forces on living African-Americans, to make recommendations to the
Congress on appropriate remedies and other purposes" AND
WHEREAS: In the
century and a half since the abolition of slavery the United States government
has never acknowledged or taken
responsibility for its role in the enslavement of Africans and the
promotion of White Supremacy, AND
WHEREAS: The
experience and legacy of enslavement, segregation and discrimination
continues to limit the life chances and opportunities
of African Americans, AND
WHEREAS: Christians
must not only continue to call for the release of the captives (Leviticus
25:52) but also to proclaim liberty, bring
good tidings to the afflicted, and build up the ancient ruins, (Isaiah
61) AND
WHEREAS: General
Synod of the United Church of Christ has voted ten resolutions, statements,
and pronouncements on racism since 1963; AND
WHEREAS: the
Chicago Metropolitan Association at its Spring Annual Meeting held May
5, 2001 adopted a Resolution supporting Reparations
For Slavery.
THEREFORE: be
it resolved that the Illinois Conference of the United Church of Christ
meeting June 6, 7 and 8, 2002, go on record
supporting Reparations for Slavery and a process of study for; AND
THEREFORE: be
it further resolved, that this resolution be communicated to the Associations,
Congregations, and related agencies
of the Illinois Conference for study and reflection and that the
Illinois Conference; AND
THEREFORE: be
it further resolved, that the Illinois Conference instruct its staff
to communicate our support to Representative John
Conyers for House resolution 40 which he presented to the U.S. House
of Representatives; AND
THEREFORE: be
it further resolved, that the Conference Minister write letters to all
Illinois Members of the US House of Representatives
asking them to sign on as co-sponsors of the resolution; AND
THEREFORE: be
it further resolved, that the Illinois Conference UCC explore what actions
it might take to seek forgiveness for its
participation in the benefits of slavery and explore creating models
of Reparations that might be adapted by other ecclesiastical and
governmental bodies; AND
THEREFORE: be
it further resolved, that this Resolution be enabled by the appointment
of a Reparations Task Force, that includes members of
the sponsoring congregations (Trinity UCC and University Church) and
that the Task Force be instructed to engage associations,
congregations and related agencies of the Conference in study and
action; AND
THEREFORE: be
it finally resolved, that funds for these efforts come from the Conference
Justice and Peace Funds.
Presented to Annual Meeting June 2001
Amended and passed at Annual Meeting June 2002
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